Ulum al Qur'an

An Introduction to the Sciences of the Qur'an


Chapter 1 - The Qur'an and Revelation

REVELATION AND SCRIPTURE BEFORE THE QUR'AN
God's Communication with Man
Man denies God
Empiricism and Realism
Creation is Material Evidence for God
Man's Pride
Guidance for Man
The Messengers
The Names of the Prophets and their Number
The Names of the Scriptures and their Number
The Contents of the Former Scriptures
The Final Revelation
THE QUR'AN, HADITH AND HADITH QUDSI
The Qur'an
The word Qur'an
Other Names of the Qur'an
The Meaning of hadith
The difference between the Qur'an and Hadith
Hadith Qudsi
Distinctive Features of the Qur'an
REVELATION AND HOW IT CAME TO THE PROPHET Muhammad{SAW}
God guides His Creation
Guidance through Revelation
The Meaning of Wahy
Means of Revelation
The Qur'an revealed to Muhammad{SAW}
The Descent of the Qur'an
BEGINNING OF THE REVELATION
Bukharis Account
How Revelation came
The First Revelation'
The Pause (fatra)
The Second Revelation
Other Early Revelations
The Last Revelation
Reasons why the Qur'an was sent down in Stages

CHAPTER 2: Transmission of the Qur'anic Revelation

MEMORISATION AND ORAL TRANSMISSION
Memorisation by the Prophet
Memorisation by the Companions
The Prophet encourages Memorisation
The Prophet sent Teachers
Qur'an Readers among the Companions
The Qur'an Memorised in the Prophet's Lifetime
TRANSMISSION OF THE WRITTEN TEXT
What is meant by Jam' al-Qur'an?
How was the Qur'an Collected?
Stages of Collection
Why was no Book left by the Prophet?
Writing down the Revelation
Did the Prophet himself write?
The Qur'an written during the Prophet's Lifetime
The Qur'an Dictated by the Prophet
Written during the Prophet's Lifetime
Collection of Revelation during the Prophet's Lifetime
What did the Prophet leave behind?
Suhuf and Mushaf
How the suhuf were made
THE MASAHIF OF THE COMPANIONS
The Mushaf of Ibn Mas'ud (d. 33/653)
The Mushaf of Ubay bin Ka'b (d. 29 H/649)
The Mushaf of Ibn 'Abbas (d. 68H/687)
Some other Companions
Variants on Sura Al-lkhlas, (112)
THE MUSHAF OF 'UTHMAN
Chronology of the Written Text
What the Prophet left to the Muslims
The Difference between Abu Bakr's and 'Uthman's Collection

CHAPTER 3: The Qur'an in Manuscript and Print

The Qur'anic Script
Tashkil
I'jam
EARLY MANUSCRIPTS
Writing Material
Script
Some Peculiarities of the Ancient Writing
OLD MANUSCRIPTS OF THE QUR'AN
What happened to 'Uthman's Copies?
The Damascus Manuscript
The Egyptian Manuscript
The Madina Manuscript
The 'Imam' Manuscript
The Samarkand Manuscript
The 'Ali Manuscript
THE QUR'AN IN PRINT
The Egyptian Edition
The Sa'd Nursi Copy

CHAPTER 4: Form, Language and Style

DIVISION OF THE TEXT
Aya and Sura
Order and Arrangement
Other Divisions of the Text
LANGUAGE AND VOCABULARY
The Qur'an Needed to be Understood
To Understand the Qur'an
Non-Arabic Words in the Qur'an
LITERARY FORMS AND STYLE
The Qur'an is not Poetry
The Difference between Literature and the Qur'an
STYLE Narrative in the Qur'an
Similes in the Qur'an
Passages with Qul
Oaths in the Qur’an
MUHKAMAT AND MUTASHABIHAT
The Qur'an on Muhkamat and Mutashabihat
General and Specific
'Free' and 'Bound' Verses
'Literal' and 'Understood' Meanings
Al Muqatta'at
Their Occurrence
Variety of Explanations

CHAPTER 5: Understanding the Text

Makkan and Madinan Revelations
The Makkan Phase
The Madinan Phase
Makkan and Madinan Suras
Chronology
Summary
ASBAB AL-NUZUL
Its Importance
How it is Known
Kinds of Reports
Kinds of Reasons
Response to an Event
Response to a Particular Situation
Question to the Prophet
Question by the Prophet
Response to a General Question
Particular Persons
Several Asbab and One Revelation
Several Revelations and One Sabab
Several Views on Sabab al-Nuzul
Specific or General?
What is not Asbab al-Nuzul
Summary
AL-NASIKH WA AL-MANSUKH
The Qur'an on Naskh
How it came about
Why it is important
How do we know it?
What is Abrogated?
Three Kinds of Naskh in the Qur'an
The Abrogated Verses
Abrogation and Specification
Summary
VARIETY OF MODES
The Language of the Quraish
The Seven Modes
Scholars Differ
Summary
Seven Modes in the Qur'an
THE VARIOUS READINGS
Readers among the Sababa
Later Development
The Seven Readings
Other Views
Summary

CHAPTER 6 - Interpreting the Text

Tafsir, Its Kinds and Principles
Tafsir and Ta'wil
Why is it Important?
A Warning
Basic Conditions
Grades of Sources
Kinds of Tafsir
Tafsir bi-l-riwaya
The Qur'an explained by the Qur'an
The Qur'an explained by the Prophet
Tafsir by sahaba
Ibn 'Abbas
Tafsir by Tabi'un
The Makkan Group
The Madinan Group
The Iraq Group
Summary
Tafsir bi'l-ra'y
Refferences

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